Construction

solution
'Fill a mold with the styrofoam/aircrete mixture and rabbit wire, finally cover it with ocpoc fiber cloth and stucco for a hard Mortarless construction block strong enough to survive a ricghter scale 8 earthquake and is fireproof. ' For domed construction use triangular molds with the outer perimeter hardfaced(usual sand/cement) and the inner part filled to the outer(wet) with rabbit wire, styrofoam/aircrete for a tight seemsless fit. For hexagonal shape or any other shape, mill housing type molds(reused hundreds of times) out of HDPE plastic block with Five axis mill, smear with vaceline releasing agent and hardface outer perimeter. The plastic block is injection molded with Preciousplastic.com diy injection machine. Bonding a dried brick to another is done with a weaker wet morter to prevent this morter's strenght from cracking the structure as both the bricks and morter contract and expand with temperature fluctuations after curing(construction techniques with aircrete). All solid structures contract and expand with temperature. Dried weaker mortar between two bricks will allow more compression and conraction play, preventing the cracking of the stronger brick, the weaker the brick, the weaker the mortar. How much glycerin add to mixture to prevent bubble collapse? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27v7Oq-q9xs channel Stephen Williams' Use 85% styrofoam/aircrete mixture(styrocrete) covered in Ocpoc fiber cloth for strong durable fireproof construction. This is modification of the styrofoam, cement 5:1 mixture idea. Instead of using cement, use an aircrete mixture with the styrofoam. Finish around windows with self adhesive fiberglass drywall joint tape mesh https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJXcFLSk3kE Shredded styrofoam added to premium aircrete makes for super light -and strong - building material. I used 40 lbs of Portland cement added to 3 gallons of water to make a slurry. This in turn is added to about 18 gallons of high quality foam and after thoroughly mixed, I add as much styrofoam as needed to make 25 gallons. I would venture to guess 2 lbs cured, per gallon and it takes 7.5 gallons per cubic foot. At 6" thick it should weigh about 7.5 lbs per square foot.  How about adding graphene? Graphene is now mass produced.  option1: Three axis mill(Lathe) the shapes out of plastic blocks made via Preciousplastic.com extruder. Porcupine the outside with nails, wrap a grid pattern across it with polypropylene string/chicken coup wire before covering and expanding to desired volume with aircrete/styrofoam(Stephen Williams). Reduce the volume of plastic brick by recycling holes out of it and fill the holes with the aircrete/styrofoam mixture. Finally use a Five axis mill router for final shaping to needed dimension. option2: insert the plastic brick into a fiberglass mould following the brick's outer curvature and then pack the styrofoam/aircrete solution around the brick. Use the Final solution, option1 and 2 are for reference. construction techniques with aircrete the mortor used to bind any dried construction material be it clay bricks, aircrete etc. must be less in strength to prevent cracking of the structure as the binding mortar contracts and expands, overcoming the strength of the bricks. hardface any aircrete block with a two cm traditional sand/cement layer. The sand/cement layered on a urethane rubber mold with aircrete/styrfoam on top for a traditional large but much lighter building brick. Cover with https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyurea?. Heliostat solar melting sand sintering, into hexagonal shapes and hardface outer edges with cement/sand mixture for tight seemless block(dome).

aircrete
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTvy5Ut8eps What is air crete? Air crete is foam mixed into concrete to make it light weight and fire proof. Combine with rabbit wire(stucco) for strong panels. etsy.co pdf file with mixing formula for 300 ZAR. https://www.domegaia.com/how-to-make-aircrete.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3TNBFaP1oM Aircrete, mixture of cement and dish soap, making it fireproof. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JR8KiyLUWI0 Air and soap pushed into concrete under high pressure, making the aircrete of lower weight. sement 94 pound, sodium sulphate(dish liquid), water 7 gallons for a 50 pound solution. company by name of Apock make stiched polyster fabric that goes over dome. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzCXNlqDW6M presentation of the method at conference https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sa7jcDeqjI hardfacing aircrete by The Happy Heresiarch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ahiAeF02Ks In this video you will experience how to make Air crete

styrofoam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6_FyGLh178 by https://www.sts-54.com/ 5:1 styrofoam,cement ratio. styrocrete https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4n1-25z1mM  5 buckets of styrofoam to one cement, fireproof. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJXcFLSk3kE styrofoam, aircrete mixture for styrocrete

Plastic PET bottles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yx2wYGFR20 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0dJibQIOF8 http://www.eco-tecnologia.com/portal/ Build with soil, rubber tires and PET bottles. http://www.eco-tecnologia.com/portal/media-download/file/3-taller-eco-tec pdf shows rings of barbed wire, bottles tied with string and clay/mud as mortar, saving on costly cement. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LPxXH7rCSHQ floor is made with upright standing PET bottles and cement. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVCY3n8Tvjc Pet bottles filled with sand and used as bricks, held together by cement by Eco-tecnologia. Instead of filling it with sand melt and extrude any combination of plastic into pellets.

Eco building
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzFyp6Nvmq8 Some alternative and eco-minded building materials and methods. Also, check out Part 1 - https://youtu.be/NrQOZfMEXeQ 0:22 ➤ Brikawood - https://www.brikawood-ecologie.fr/en/ seebrikawood. Instead of wood use Preciousplastic.com type injection molding machines and then dovetail mill the wedges(see Lathe). solar sinter the dovetails and use molten plastic to bond adjacent sides of the wall panel.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZcpswh83HY https://cadacasa.eu/genius-technology/ polish to english: modular blocks is possible to realize the raw state, which in our case is made skeleton – is a solution mainly for developers and people who have the potential of self-trim on the so-called. “Tinkering” – possible to realize a raw state closed, along with the installations, due to differences in our system for the benefit of the customer in relation to classical systems (see: 70% faster construction) – is possible to realize the developer state, which means finished-up floors, stairs, ready for finishing work before the move-in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPE4KZ7i9HU Japanese woodblock construction 1:54 ➤ Isotex Woodcrete - https://en.blocchiisotex.com/ 2:52 ➤ Cordwood House - https://cordwoodconstruction.org/ 4:34 ➤ Cob House 5:46 ➤ Lok-N-Blok - http://www.lok-n-blok.com/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiGc7d8o0SY Meyer lock block.Patented inter locking block that uses less cement. Compress solid plastic block with Preciousplastic.com method and then mill out the shapes if Meyer mould isn't available. http://meyerlokblock.com/details.php

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AJjpmrxjI8 armo block alternative to meyer http://www.giantlinmachinery.com/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqKdxHySH1E&feature=emb_rel_end ,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWsWd9hIcf4 locknblock https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Yf0KEcXIYA smart bricks http://kitebricks.com/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7uQIMUvWYY, https://www.wienerberger.in/

polycare.de
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7D24xj6YThw Best plastic brick design(https://ogelworld.com/), make with Preciousplastic.com injection molder and Fronting company as it is patented, hopefully Ogel won't bother to patent it in South Africa after reading this. http://www.jo-blox.com/ is another Morterless design, replace the hemp with aircrete/styrofoam mixture. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uom1wk5sYwA CGS Tech (formerly known as Cool Gadgets & Stuff) is a channel dedicated to highlighting innovative new technologies and projects, and informing what's new in the tech world. Thanks to all our subscribers and viewers for watching and also thanks to YouTube for making it possible. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTRnbKd016Q and OSBLOCk CGS tech vid site https://www.osblock.ca and promotion video. Interesting design, hackable with Fronting company using plastic with Preciousplastic.com diy injection molder for timber.

domes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_nbV56Oslc http://www.econodome.com/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FuzipuvXULg iran https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_NnY_yYwuc or https://www.ZipTieDomes.com - This video is about the design and fabrication of the Zip Tie Dome Geodesic Dome Connector / Geodesic Dome Hub. This Geodesic Dome Connector is very easy to use and allows the construction of a Geodesic Dome without the use of tools and in a minimal amount of time. The video describes the patented locking collar that surrounds the Geodesic Dome Hub, and how this outer collar controls the axial angles of the struts to create a much stronger geodesic dome than other types of Geodesic Dome Connectors. The video also describes how this is the only geodesic dome connector that can handle struts made out of non-standard size struts, such as metal rebar for concrete domes, or geodesic dome struts made from wooden dowels. This geodesic domes connector also works for building domes made from bamboo and other non-standard size struts.

Geoweb
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7Mvd989VhY and https://www.prestogeo.com/ Stabilizes infill material and controls shearing, lateral and vertical movement. Increases the effective structural number, allowing fill requirements and costs to be cut in half. Allows use of lower-quality, less costly on-site infill materials. Creates a stiffened base layer, and the resulting increase in base strength can be used to reduce the pavement depth design up to 30%. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBVD3KStQAw dupont ground grid Ground grids can be 3d printed out of HDPE with a Heated chamber.

Bricks from plastic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ckWqR1JD158 Plastic waste is becoming a scourge of the earth. Lack of recycling has led to massive islands being created in the ocean made of plastic. New eco friendly plastic & sand tiled houses are starting to be a common sight in Africa. Containers, bags, soda holders and all other types of plastic get wrapped around sea life or ingested leading to their demise. A few individuals though have taking it upon themselves to create machines and processes to create something useful from waste plastic. On this episode we'll how to to recycle waste plastic into paving tiles from 6 different sources. Pavement tiles made from plastic waste only benefit everyone and have no downside to them. Whether it's roof tiles or pavements made from plastic waste these processes will remove plastic from the environment.

cement brick making
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgjXPRqvbg4 This Hand used Manual Brick Machine from Omsakthi, Om Sakthi Brick Machine. Easy to copy and reproduce.

Fast brick robotics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bW1vuCgEaA,  https://www.fbr.com.au  bricks attached with glue, not mortar.

Plastic bricks
http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.c.jmea.201502.08.html  Mix rubber, CaCo3(gips) and ldpe plastic, heat and compress into a building bricks, twice as strong as clay brick.

bacteria bricks
https://biomason.com  The group of architects, engineers, and horticulturists at BioMason have discovered a way to make structural cement using sand and bacteria. The bacteria creates calcium carbonate that acts as a super strong glue that holds the sand together as a brick that can be used in all forms of construction. You can also make bricks out of glass, rocks, or almost any aggregate material. https://inhabitat.com/phillip-ross-molds-fast-growing-fungi-into-mushroom-building-bricks-that-are-stronger-than-concrete/

flexlock
Flexlock http://haenerblock.com/# Mortarless building https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtyTpBiFva8 Truss latching Make rebar and threaded rods(CncControllers) using DIY induction furnace (http://opensourceecology.org/). Hack the Flexlock design and make with compressed earth machine, opensource ecology has plans. Threaded rods runs the height of the building and is tightened down with nuts, minimizing the concrete usage. Only the ends of the construction is filled with concrete, using much less than the (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c9cDy9XkXPw  clay soil mixed with 8% cement, exceeds concrete strength) design. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgPJIq2M82o The best compressed earth block solution available (http://www.dwellearth.com). We traveled far into the coffee covered mountains in El Salvador to provide a community with a tool and skills so that they can build themselves quality houses from the dirt under their feet. As you can see by the fist few pictures many around the world are already trying to build with what they have in the communities they live in. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWUD7oO4vIg uses a soil/clay slurry(high water content) instead of cement to cement the bricks in place. Slurry is same content as bricks. https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_553179&feature=iv&src_vid=CWUD7oO4vIg&v=lAdZmlwmveQ. Hack the Vermeer patent on compressed bricks. http://y2u.be/-roiZB5poyc india machine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PocHYp4QqRM earthen bricks interlocking, dry stacked over rebar. henry machinery  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z0WSkNYtLeU Contact:Sophia Wang whatsapp:+86 13275397829 Email:info3@henrymachinery.com http://y2u.be/0fFJv09yOas machine grates clay soil. FD1 10 Interlocking clay brick making machine is hydraulic system PLC automatic control, can produce 3800pcs interlock brick per day. material feeding, mould pressing and mould lifting automatic.

compressed earth block
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nV_-ZzYmo3A The CEB Story - To Build a Village - Open Source Ecology https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Sr8XxNcu3Q Design file for ceb. dropbox file pdf or https://nippybox.com/v/75f716 Video with brief information on CETA RAM, the first portable machine capable of producing HUCKLINGS of soil-cement, based on the concept of the well-known CINVA RAM. This same information, including Plans Dimensionados, is available as PDF document for free on the WEB. CETA RAM CONSTRUCTION MANUAL (1981) reads: "It is a simple, easy-to-copy machine, the design of which has not been and will not be patented. Replicas of CETA RAM can be built using Use of the material presented in Part Two of this Manual, which includes detailed drawings, instructions and specifications for the artisan manufacture of one or a few units at a time. Therefore, the project is in the public domain, without patents; So much so that in Mexico there is at least one workshop that manufactures and commercializes it on a small scale. Likewise, it is known that it has been manufactured and used in other countries.

Gracomaq
http://y2u.be/B6V3UQmEw5c DIY machine CEB(clay earthen bricks. http://www.harborfreight.com/12-ton-air-hydraulic-bottle-jack-94487.html  est bed press made out of recycled parts and one new 12 ton Air Hydraulic Bottle Jack. Compresses from 6 x 6 x 12 to 3 x 6 x 12. First test run produced 3 blocks in about 6 minutes. Should be able to press out 250-300 per day. See Machine_design for diy hydraulic solution. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znooDzVN6Wg lego blocks for self alignment from http://www.gracomaq.net  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBkv5jjjhJ0&feature=related

Earth bag house
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yeBjHCKkTxg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YdVSoSd9Frw&feature=related http://ubuntublox.com/technology/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQ-05OdflFk fills multiple bags of sand. Another idea is to melt plastic into rods and cut them into small squares, then fill the bag with it instead of sand or combine it with sand.

Concepto
http://conceptosplasticos.com/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnYAz4U_6t4 https://www.theventure.com/global/en/finalists/conceptos-plasticos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBzWmJ43aUs

mortar and mesh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dlAm9Fffsk this mesh fabric layer and cement mortor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayn8CQGSQbU wall rendering machine

Plastic sand mixture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ckWqR1JD158 used engine oil, plastic and Styrofoam. With company links to 6. Planetary Ecologist: Andrey Kolev, Zecoplast Recycling, Florence Blondel, Jervin Kabigting,. WasteAid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmLsvI9WFhs plastic bags and sand mixture for bricks. One melted kg plastic with four kg sand mixed in steel drum and then poured into moulds. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnEUaNJu8gM Plastic river sand mixture for roof tiles.

Plastic block houses
bottleworx.co.za http://recycledplasticblockhouses.com/ https://web.archive.org/web/20180820025820/http://ubuntublox.com/?page_id=591 and vid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgWyw-5PoNs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhBvJHwL96k Steel wire binds scrap plastic into a block, melt the outside of the block with a Solar Tracking furnance, allowing for easier cement plastering. Heat up six steel plates with a solar furnace, each positioned into place with Linear actuators melting a lego pattern around the plastic wired block for modular construction. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=id-hrTtgOfU

Glass fiber and gypsum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1bL_1NBvIc Uses waste gypsum https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gh3qvSPjW48 BUILDBLOCK demo with polystyrene https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Npxw3WHO1s Iris Koto system http://www.iris.com.my/KOTO_IBS/main.html

foundations
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ROrmRYOwf4 concrete foundation pouring issues.

PET foundation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGcdStK0yBc Square slabs of stone joined with 4cm width cement, considerable savings over pouring concrete foundation. PET bottles place on top for residence.

deserts
http://www.magnuslarsson.com/architecture/dune.asp http://throughthesandglass.typepad.com/through_the_sandglass/2010/07/sandbacteriaurinebricks-continuing-performances-of-bacillus-pasteurii.html turn sand into sandstone with bacteria. http://throughthesandglass.typepad.com/through_the_sandglass/2009/04/sandstonemaking-microbes-tafoni-and-an-extraordinary-design-idea.html

Biomason
http://biomason.com/ growing bricks  bioMASON has developed a technology using microorganisms to grow biocement™ based construction materials. The Company’s products include proprietary manufacturing process and materials used by customers for incorporation in existing facilities or on-site manufacturing. The strength of biocement™ materials is comparable to traditional masonry, and can be used as a green alternative. bioMASON’s products make it possible to manufacture on-site in ambient temperatures using locally available materials, without using fuel for firing the material. bioMASON enables savings in energy costs and a large reduction of carbon emissions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIS0gtCbadU

Fungus bricks
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Py23lvzC58E mushroom stronger than concrete https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IHhVpXCpTA0 mycelium bricks https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jnMXH5TqqG8 motherboard video, fungus is plastics of future http://www.businessinsider.com/eco-dome-follow-up-2012-6 HOUSING http://calearth.org/building-designs/eco-dome.html

Concrete canvas
https://www.concretecanvas.com/ reated specifically for erosion control, containment and shelter applications, Concrete Canvas® (CC) products are part of a revolutionary class of new, innovative materials called Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mats (GCCMs). CC is a flexible, concrete filled fabric which provides a thin and durable concrete layer when hydrated. Typically, 10-times faster to install than conventional concrete solutions; essentially, it’s concrete on a roll. from quantum tech youtube videos and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRD_Uom4KXI

Solar heliostat furnace
Use Redrok solar links solar Heliostat Mirrors furnace to vitrify stone pebbles into 40x40cm bricks. The bricks are erosion proof.Stack rocks on top each other and vitrify or melt then together forming a wall.

CalEarth
https://hackaday.com/2020/10/27/the-ground-beneath-your-feet-superadobe-construction/

walrus
https://web.archive.org/web/20070206035648/http://www.walrus.com/~ddprod/michaeljantzen/homescape.html https://web.archive.org/web/20070206035849/http://www.walrus.com/~ddprod/michaeljantzen/observation.html https://web.archive.org/web/20070206144804/http://www.walrus.com/~ddprod/michaeljantzen/index.html main page with links to various designs

links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=594C58kxeeg lime stablised soil for bricks recycled tires https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=giiTe6LzQDk Introducing the K-Briq – a more sustainable building brick that is unfired and made of 90 per cent construction waste. Developed by Kenoteq and supported by Construction Scotland Innovation Centre and Hamilton Waste & Recycling. The K-Briq produces less CO2 emissions of a traditional fired brick, using less than a tenth of the energy in its manufacture and can be made in any colour. See https://www.cs-ic.org/innovationcentre/our-work/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zsdYDf4Iib4 Make smoke free wood stoves from cement and plastic baskets https://www.duayen.com.tr/ is a spray on solution that binds bricks and withstands blows to the extent that the bricks break, the solution itself isn't damaged. https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/84958/can-stone-be-recycled-by-melting-and-cooling-it Melting rocks for bricks with Solar Energy. https://contest.techbriefs.com/2015/entries/sustainable-technologies/5973 sintering sand into walls. Earthships https://www.byfusion.com/    No glues or adhesives required means you save time with quicker installation   Won’t crack or crumble like standard concrete blocksZero waste process – 1 ton of plastic makes 1 ton on ByBlock No specialized labor required https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FGt80Y51mM&feature=emb_logo BYBLOCKS GIVE PLASTIC WASTE A BRAND NEW LIFE Our unique, eco-friendly process uses steam and compression to convert all types of plastic waste into a revolutionary building material called ByBlock® https://patents.google.com/patent/US20030157297A1/en kite bricks https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZxskJojRLY precast https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7K99RUlfVk rhotak roofs without steel. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7inCfewTTA our experiments with timbrel vault as an alternative for pukka roofing without steel and shuttering while using locally available skills and materials and, in a way, reinforcing concerns of carbon footprint and social equity. to learn more about our works, follow us on instagram-https://www.instagram.com/kakani.soach/ our initial journey in exploring spanning without steel & shuttering techniques has been documented in our blog-https://kakaniassociates.wixsite.com/...for feedback and questions, mail us at mail@kakani.in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvzGfth-mXo, https://gablok.be/en/ https://bonestructure.ca/en/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrQOZfMEXeQ, https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=6HwrE1DG6CA&  feature=emb_logo http://www.myib.com.my/ my interlocking bricks.