PID control

pid

 * http://blog.solutions-cubed.com/pid-motor-control-with-an-arduino/ position control pid with dc motor.
 * http://www.solutions-cubed.com/motor-control/

github

 * https://github.com/X-Sim/X-PID-Arduino-PID-motor-control, http://www.x-sim.de/forum/portal.php GUI interface for tuning
 * https://github.com/sebnil/Selfbalancing-robot PID, FIR links to https://github.com/br3ttb/Arduino-PID-Library , http://brettbeauregard.com/blog/2011/04/improving-the-beginners-pid-introduction/

Segway
https://github.com/ovaltineo/SegwayClone

A MPU-6050 3-axis accelerometer and gyroscope. The accelerometer and gyroscope readings are combined using a Kalman filter library. See my blog post: http://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/09/a-practical-approach-to-kalman-filter-and-how-to-implement-it/ and source https://github.com/TKJElectronics/KalmanFilter for more information. USB Host support is implemented using the MAX3421E and the USB Host library: https://github.com/felis/USB_Host_Shield_2.0. Two VNH5180 motor controller ICs is used to drive the two motors. More information can be found at the Wiki article: http://wiki.balanduino.net/Overview.
 * http://balanduino.com/
 * https://github.com/TKJElectronics/BalancingRobotArduino, https://developer.mbed.org/users/Lauszus/code/BalancingRobotPS3/
 * https://github.com/TKJElectronics/Balanduino the Balanduino hardware consist of an ATmega1284P running at 10MHz.

Journals
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285759625_Optimal_PID_controller_design_through_swarm_intelligence_algorithms_for_sun_tracking_system

PID algorithm
Applied Control Theory for Embedded Systems" came out in April. See details at http://www.wescottdesign.com/actfes/actfes.html
 * http://groups.google.com/group/comp.arch.embedded/browse_thread/thread/68223435f15d9f1e/#
 * http://www.wescottdesign.com/articles/pidwophd.html.
 * http://www.wescottdesign.com/articles/articles.html, or buy my book:*
 * http://www.wescottdesign.com/actfes/actfes.html.
 * http://www.wescottdesign.com
 * http://www.chiefdelphi.com/media/papers/download/1829
 * http://www.wescottdesign.com/articles/MSK/mskTop.html Masters Thesis http://www.wescottdesign.com/articles/MSK/msk.pdf File  msk.pdf

Applied digital micro control

 * Microcontroller Based Applied Digital Control (Hardcover) by Ibrahim Chapters 10 and 11 round out the discussion with controller realization and a practical case study; A liquid level digital control system.
 * Microcontroller Based Temperature Monitoring & Control by Dogan Ibrahim
 * Digital PID controller.Closing the loop with a PIC, by Kohtz D. http://mgnet.me/bOUDbGa

Links
Arduino code https://github.com/grbl/grbl Grbl is a no-compromise, high performance, low cost alternative to parallel-port-based motion control for CNC milling. It will run on a vanilla Arduino (Duemillanove/Uno) as long as it sports an Atmega 328. The controller is written in highly optimized C utilizing every clever feature of the AVR-chips to achieve precise timing and asynchronous operation. It is able to maintain up to 30kHz of stable, jitter free control pulses